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HDL P Test

HDL P Test

January 21, 2026
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Do I need a HDL P test?

Feeling concerned about your heart health despite "good" cholesterol numbers? Could measuring HDL particle count reveal hidden risks your standard lipid panel might miss?

HDL P measures the actual number of HDL particles in your blood, not just the cholesterol they carry. More particles mean better protection against heart disease, even if your total HDL cholesterol looks normal.

Testing your HDL P gives you a precise snapshot of your cardiovascular health, empowering you to personalize your nutrition, exercise, and lifestyle choices based on what truly protects your heart, not just surface-level numbers.

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If you’ve been postponing blood testing for years or feel frustrated by doctor appointments and limited lab panels, you are not alone. Standard healthcare is often reactive, focusing on testing only after symptoms appear or leaving patients in the dark.

Superpower flips that approach. We give you full insight into your body with over 100 biomarkers, personalized action plans, long-term tracking, and answers to your questions, so you can stay ahead of any health issues.

With physician-reviewed results, CLIA-certified labs, and the option for at-home blood draws, Superpower is designed for people who want clarity, convenience, and real accountability - all in one place.

Key benefits of HDL P testing

  • Reveals the number of HDL particles carrying cholesterol away from arteries.
  • Spots cardiovascular risk missed by standard HDL cholesterol alone.
  • Explains why some people with normal HDL still face heart disease.
  • Guides precision treatment by showing particle count, not just cholesterol load.
  • Tracks how lifestyle changes or medications improve your protective particle number.
  • Clarifies metabolic health when paired with ApoB and triglyceride levels.
  • Best interpreted with LDL P, triglycerides, and your cardiovascular history.

What is HDL P?

HDL P stands for high-density lipoprotein particle number. It counts the total number of HDL particles circulating in your blood, rather than measuring the cholesterol cargo they carry. Each HDL particle is a tiny sphere made of proteins and fats that travels through your bloodstream.

HDL particles are cholesterol shuttles, not just cholesterol containers

These particles are produced mainly by your liver and intestines. They act as reverse transport vehicles, picking up excess cholesterol from tissues and artery walls and ferrying it back to the liver for disposal or recycling.

More particles may mean better cholesterol cleanup

HDL P reflects how many of these cleanup crews you have on patrol. A higher particle count suggests more active reverse cholesterol transport, which is generally protective against plaque buildup in arteries. Unlike HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), which measures only the cholesterol content inside the particles, HDL P tells you how many functional transporters are actually working. This distinction matters because particle number often correlates more closely with cardiovascular health than cholesterol weight alone.

Why is HDL P important?

HDL particle number (HDL P) counts the actual number of high-density lipoprotein particles circulating in your blood, offering a more precise window into cardiovascular protection than HDL cholesterol alone. Each HDL particle acts as a microscopic shuttle, pulling excess cholesterol from artery walls and ferrying it back to the liver for disposal - a process called reverse cholesterol transport. Higher particle counts generally signal more robust clearance capacity, while lower counts suggest fewer shuttles available to protect your vessels.

When particle count runs low

Fewer HDL particles mean less efficient cholesterol removal from arterial tissue, even if cholesterol content per particle appears normal. This raises risk for plaque buildup, endothelial dysfunction, and systemic inflammation. People may feel no symptoms early on, but over time the cardiovascular system bears the burden through stiffening arteries and elevated heart disease risk.

When particle count climbs high

Elevated HDL P typically reflects enhanced reverse cholesterol transport and stronger anti-inflammatory defenses along vessel walls. This is generally favorable, though extremely high counts warrant investigation for rare genetic lipid disorders. Women often carry higher HDL P than men due to estrogen's influence, and pregnancy can shift particle dynamics as metabolism adapts.

The bigger cardiovascular picture

HDL P integrates tightly with insulin sensitivity, liver function, and inflammatory tone. It complements other lipid markers - like LDL P and apolipoprotein B - to map true atherosclerotic risk. Long-term, robust HDL particle counts support vascular health, metabolic resilience, and lower lifetime cardiovascular event rates.

What do my HDL P results mean?

Low HDL particle count

Low values usually reflect reduced production or accelerated clearance of HDL particles, often seen with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, or chronic inflammation. Fewer HDL particles mean less capacity for reverse cholesterol transport, the process that moves cholesterol from tissues back to the liver. This pattern is common in people with central adiposity, sedentary habits, or diets high in refined carbohydrates. Women typically have higher HDL P than men at all ages due to estrogen's influence on lipoprotein metabolism.

Optimal HDL particle count

Being in range suggests efficient cholesterol efflux and healthy lipid trafficking between tissues and the liver. Optimal HDL P values tend to sit in the mid to upper portion of the reference range, reflecting robust particle production and turnover. This supports vascular health and balanced inflammatory signaling.

High HDL particle count

High values usually reflect enhanced HDL production or slower clearance, often associated with favorable metabolic health, regular physical activity, or genetic variants that upregulate HDL synthesis. Extremely elevated HDL P is uncommon but may occur with certain lipid disorders or cholesterol ester transfer protein deficiency.

Factors that influence HDL P

HDL particle count is influenced by sex hormones, body composition, physical activity level, and medications such as statins or fibrates. Acute illness and inflammation can temporarily suppress HDL P. Assay methodology varies across labs, so trends over time within the same laboratory are most informative.

Method: Laboratory-developed test (LDT) validated under CLIA; not cleared or approved by the FDA. Results are interpreted by clinicians in context and are not a stand-alone diagnosis.

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Frequently Asked Questions

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How it works
What should I expect during a blood draw?
  • A trained phlebotomist will guide you through the process.
  • A tourniquet is placed on your arm, the site is cleaned, and a small needle is used to collect blood into one or more tubes.
  • Results are usually ready in about a week.
  • Most people feel only a quick pinch.
  • The needle is removed, gentle pressure is applied, and a bandage is placed.
How do I prepare for a blood draw?
  • Drink plenty of water beforehand — hydration makes veins easier to find.
  • Wear loose sleeves so your arm is easy to access.
  • Follow any fasting instructions you’ve been given.
  • Let us know if you’re on medications, have fainted before, or have needle anxiety.
What should I do after my blood draw?
  • Press gently on the site for a few minutes.
  • Keep the bandage on for 4-6 hours.
  • Skip heavy lifting or strenuous exercise for the rest of the day.
  • Drink extra water to rehydrate.
  • Monitor the site for redness, swelling, or pain.
How do I book a blood draw with Superpower?

Your membership includes:

  • An annual full body test and report across 100+ biomarkers
  • A personalized action plan to optimize your biomarkers and reach your health goals
  • A dashboard to centralize your health data and track changes across a lifetime
  • Access to a health concierge for questions on your plan and help scheduling
  • Plus a marketplace of curated health products and services cheaper than amazon

Many concierge clinics charge $10k – $100k for their services, we’ve built technology to make the world’s best healthcare as accessible as possible via an all-in-one membership.

Where can I take my blood test?

Superpower is currently available in the following US states:

  • Alabama
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  • Connecticut
  • Delaware
  • District of Columbia
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  • Georgia
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  • Indiana
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  • Michigan
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  • Missouri
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  • Ohio
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  • Pennsylvania
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  • Texas
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  • Vermont
  • Virginia
  • Washington
  • West Virginia
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Our testing
Does Superpower replace my primary care provider?

Superpower specializes in prevention-based testing and treatments and is not intended for emergency or immediate health issues.

While you will have a Superpower care team, your annual membership is designed to complement a primary care doctor if you have one, not replace them.

We are happy to help you share any test results with an outside provider to ensure you receive well-rounded medical care.

How fast are blood test results and how do I read them?

Your annual lab test panel takes about a week to process. We will text you as soon as they become available in your dashboard. Other types of tests may have different testing windows. The Superpower concierge is your own health assistant who helps answer your questions on your results, ensure smooth scheduling, coordination of any office-based tests, specialist referrals as needed, and navigating you to interface with your care team.

Does Superpower accept health insurance?

Superpower membership and products are all eligible for HSA/FSA funding.

We see Superpower like a gym membership for those committed to prevention and performance. Superpower is a bridge between wellness and healthcare. Health insurance traditionally focuses on reactive care whereas, at Superpower, we believe it’s never too early to start looking out for your long-term health.

What if I want more than 1 blood test per year?

Absolutely — you're not limited to just one. Your membership includes one comprehensive 100+ biomarker blood test each year, but if you'd like to track your progress more closely, you can add extra tests at any time. Each additional full-panel test costs $179. You can order as many as you'd like throughout the year.

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Frequently Asked Questions about HDL P Test

What is HDL P (HDL particle number) and how is it different from HDL cholesterol?

HDL P (high-density lipoprotein particle number) measures how many HDL particles are circulating in your blood. This differs from HDL cholesterol, which measures how much cholesterol is being carried inside those particles. Because each HDL particle can repeatedly interact with artery walls and transport cholesterol, the particle count can better reflect your “cholesterol cleanup” capacity and cardiovascular protection than HDL cholesterol alone.

How does HDL P help assess cardiovascular risk that a standard cholesterol panel can miss?

HDL P can reveal hidden cardiovascular risk when HDL cholesterol looks “normal” but the number of HDL particles is low. Fewer particles means reduced capacity for reverse cholesterol transport - moving excess cholesterol from artery walls back to the liver. This can allow plaque buildup to progress despite acceptable HDL-C values. HDL P adds a functional layer to risk assessment beyond traditional cholesterol measurements.

Why does my HDL cholesterol look normal but my heart risk still seem elevated?

HDL cholesterol reflects the cholesterol payload, not the number of HDL transport particles doing the work. You can have normal HDL-C but low HDL P, meaning fewer “shuttles” are available to clear cholesterol from vessel walls. This pattern is often linked to insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, chronic inflammation, central obesity, sedentary habits, or high refined-carbohydrate diets - factors that can raise atherosclerosis risk even without obvious HDL-C abnormalities.

What does a low HDL P result mean and what conditions are commonly associated with it?

Low HDL P usually indicates reduced HDL particle production or faster clearance, translating to less reverse cholesterol transport capacity. It’s commonly associated with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, chronic inflammation, poorly controlled diabetes, central adiposity, and sedentary lifestyle patterns. Some genetic variants can also contribute. Even without symptoms, low HDL particle count can correlate with increased long-term risk of atherosclerosis, heart attack, and stroke.

What is considered an optimal HDL P result and why does being in-range matter?

An optimal HDL P generally falls in the mid-to-upper portion of the lab reference range, suggesting robust HDL particle production and healthy metabolic signaling. In-range HDL particle number supports efficient cholesterol trafficking from tissues and artery walls back to the liver. When other lipid markers are also balanced, an optimal HDL P is typically associated with better vascular health and lower overall cardiovascular risk over time.

Is a high HDL P level good, and when might very high HDL particle counts be a concern?

High HDL P usually reflects enhanced HDL production or slower clearance and is generally considered protective, often seen with favorable metabolic health, regular physical activity, or genetics. Very high HDL particle counts are rarely problematic on their own, but extreme elevations may warrant evaluation for rare genetic issues affecting HDL metabolism (such as conditions involving cholesterol ester transfer protein). Context with other lipid markers still matters.

How does HDL P relate to reverse cholesterol transport and plaque buildup in arteries?

HDL particles are “reverse transport specialists” that pick up excess cholesterol from tissues and artery walls and deliver it to the liver for disposal or recycling. More HDL particles typically means more opportunities to remove cholesterol and reduce plaque formation. Since each particle can make multiple trips and interact with artery walls independently, HDL P offers a practical view of the body’s cholesterol removal capacity and arterial plaque protection.

How do insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome affect HDL P, and why is HDL P used as an early warning sign?

Insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome are common drivers of low HDL particle number, often alongside higher triglycerides and inflammation. These metabolic issues can deplete HDL particles, reducing cholesterol cleanup capacity before overt cardiovascular disease develops. Because HDL P integrates with insulin sensitivity and triglyceride metabolism, low HDL P can flag early metabolic dysfunction - helping identify risk patterns that may progress if lifestyle and treatment strategies aren’t addressed.

What other blood markers should be checked alongside HDL P for a complete lipid risk assessment?

HDL P is best interpreted with other advanced and standard lipid markers to map overall atherosclerotic risk. The context emphasizes pairing HDL P with ApoB, LDL P (LDL particle number), and triglycerides for a more complete picture of particle-driven plaque risk and metabolic status. Looking at these together can clarify whether risk is driven by a high burden of atherogenic particles, impaired HDL function, or both.

How can HDL P testing guide treatment decisions and track progress over time?

HDL P can guide precision decisions about lipid-lowering therapy and lifestyle changes by showing whether interventions are improving HDL particle count, not just HDL cholesterol. Because HDL P may change with exercise, diet quality, metabolic health improvements, and some medications, repeating the test can help track whether your “cholesterol transport capacity” is increasing. This makes HDL P useful for monitoring long-term cardiovascular risk modification and intervention effectiveness.

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