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Large HDL P Test

Large HDL P Test

January 21, 2026
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Do I need a Large HDL P test?

Worried about your heart health or wondering if your cholesterol is truly protective? Could measuring your Large HDL particles reveal whether your "good" cholesterol is actually doing its job?

Large HDL P measures the concentration of your largest HDL particles, which are most effective at removing cholesterol from your arteries. Higher levels indicate better cardiovascular protection.

Testing your Large HDL P gives you a precise snapshot of your heart health beyond basic cholesterol numbers, empowering you to personalize your diet, exercise, and lifestyle choices to truly protect your cardiovascular system.

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If you’ve been postponing blood testing for years or feel frustrated by doctor appointments and limited lab panels, you are not alone. Standard healthcare is often reactive, focusing on testing only after symptoms appear or leaving patients in the dark.

Superpower flips that approach. We give you full insight into your body with over 100 biomarkers, personalized action plans, long-term tracking, and answers to your questions, so you can stay ahead of any health issues.

With physician-reviewed results, CLIA-certified labs, and the option for at-home blood draws, Superpower is designed for people who want clarity, convenience, and real accountability - all in one place.

Key benefits of Large HDL P testing

  • Measures the number of large HDL particles that remove cholesterol from arteries.
  • Spots protective cholesterol transport even when standard HDL cholesterol looks normal.
  • Flags cardiovascular risk more precisely than HDL cholesterol alone.
  • Guides lifestyle and medication decisions to boost heart-protective particle function.
  • Tracks how diet, exercise, or treatment improves your cholesterol clearance over time.
  • Explains why some people with "good" HDL levels still face heart disease.
  • Best interpreted with ApoA1, small HDL P, and lipid panel results.

What is Large HDL P?

Large HDL P (large high-density lipoprotein particle concentration) measures the number of the biggest HDL particles circulating in your blood. These particles are made primarily in the liver and intestines, then mature as they travel through the bloodstream, picking up cholesterol from cells and tissues.

The body's most efficient cholesterol collectors

Large HDL particles are considered the most effective form of HDL at reverse cholesterol transport. This is the process by which excess cholesterol is pulled from artery walls and other tissues and shuttled back to the liver for disposal or recycling.

Size matters in the HDL family

Unlike smaller, denser HDL particles that are still maturing, large HDL particles represent the fully functional form. They carry more cholesterol per particle and interact more efficiently with cell surface receptors. Their concentration reflects how well your body is managing cholesterol removal from the periphery, making them a window into the active cleanup work happening in your cardiovascular system.

Why is Large HDL P important?

Large HDL particles are the most mature, cholesterol-rich form of HDL and serve as the primary vehicles for reverse cholesterol transport - the process that pulls excess cholesterol from artery walls and tissues back to the liver for disposal. Higher counts of large HDL particles generally reflect a well-functioning system for clearing cholesterol and reducing cardiovascular risk. Optimal values tend to sit toward the higher end of the reference range.

When large HDL particles run low

Fewer large HDL particles suggest impaired cholesterol clearance and often accompany insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, or chronic inflammation. This pattern is common in people with central obesity or prediabetes. Over time, reduced large HDL can leave cholesterol stranded in vessel walls, raising the risk of atherosclerosis even when total HDL cholesterol appears normal.

When large HDL particles are elevated

Higher counts of large HDL particles indicate robust reverse cholesterol transport and are associated with lower cardiovascular risk. This pattern is often seen in people who are physically active, maintain healthy body composition, and have favorable metabolic health. Women typically have higher large HDL particle counts than men, partly due to estrogen's influence on HDL maturation.

The bigger cardiovascular picture

Large HDL particle count offers a more precise window into heart health than HDL cholesterol alone, because it reflects the actual number of functional cholesterol transporters. It connects closely with insulin sensitivity, liver function, and systemic inflammation, making it a valuable marker for long-term metabolic and cardiovascular resilience.

What do my Large HDL P results mean?

Low values of large HDL particles

Low values usually reflect reduced reverse cholesterol transport capacity and less efficient removal of cholesterol from peripheral tissues. This pattern often appears alongside metabolic dysfunction, insulin resistance, or chronic inflammation, where HDL particles become smaller and less functional. Women typically have higher large HDL particle counts than men across all life stages. Low counts may signal increased cardiovascular risk even when total HDL cholesterol appears normal, because particle size and function matter more than cholesterol content alone.

Optimal values of large HDL particles

Being in range suggests robust reverse cholesterol transport and healthy HDL metabolism. Large HDL particles are the most mature and functionally active form, efficiently shuttling cholesterol back to the liver for excretion. Optimal values tend to sit in the mid to upper portion of the reference range and correlate with lower cardiovascular risk and better metabolic health.

High values of large HDL particles

High values usually reflect enhanced reverse cholesterol transport and are generally considered protective. Extremely elevated counts are uncommon but may occur with certain genetic variants affecting lipid metabolism or with medications that increase HDL particle size. Very high levels are rarely associated with adverse outcomes.

Factors that influence large HDL particle levels

Pregnancy, hormone therapy, alcohol intake, and medications like statins or fibrates can all shift HDL particle size distribution. Acute illness and inflammation temporarily reduce large HDL particles. Advanced lipoprotein testing methods vary by laboratory, so trends over time within the same assay are most informative.

Method: Laboratory-developed test (LDT) validated under CLIA; not cleared or approved by the FDA. Results are interpreted by clinicians in context and are not a stand-alone diagnosis.

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Similar biomarker tests from Superpower

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Frequently Asked Questions

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How it works
What should I expect during a blood draw?
  • A trained phlebotomist will guide you through the process.
  • A tourniquet is placed on your arm, the site is cleaned, and a small needle is used to collect blood into one or more tubes.
  • Results are usually ready in about a week.
  • Most people feel only a quick pinch.
  • The needle is removed, gentle pressure is applied, and a bandage is placed.
How do I prepare for a blood draw?
  • Drink plenty of water beforehand — hydration makes veins easier to find.
  • Wear loose sleeves so your arm is easy to access.
  • Follow any fasting instructions you’ve been given.
  • Let us know if you’re on medications, have fainted before, or have needle anxiety.
What should I do after my blood draw?
  • Press gently on the site for a few minutes.
  • Keep the bandage on for 4-6 hours.
  • Skip heavy lifting or strenuous exercise for the rest of the day.
  • Drink extra water to rehydrate.
  • Monitor the site for redness, swelling, or pain.
How do I book a blood draw with Superpower?

Your membership includes:

  • An annual full body test and report across 100+ biomarkers
  • A personalized action plan to optimize your biomarkers and reach your health goals
  • A dashboard to centralize your health data and track changes across a lifetime
  • Access to a health concierge for questions on your plan and help scheduling
  • Plus a marketplace of curated health products and services cheaper than amazon

Many concierge clinics charge $10k – $100k for their services, we’ve built technology to make the world’s best healthcare as accessible as possible via an all-in-one membership.

Where can I take my blood test?

Superpower is currently available in the following US states:

  • Alabama
  • Arizona
  • California
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  • Connecticut
  • Delaware
  • District of Columbia
  • Florida
  • Georgia
  • Idaho
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  • Indiana
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  • Michigan
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  • Montana
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  • Nevada
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  • Ohio
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  • Pennsylvania
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  • Texas
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  • Vermont
  • Virginia
  • Washington
  • West Virginia
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Our testing
Does Superpower replace my primary care provider?

Superpower specializes in prevention-based testing and treatments and is not intended for emergency or immediate health issues.

While you will have a Superpower care team, your annual membership is designed to complement a primary care doctor if you have one, not replace them.

We are happy to help you share any test results with an outside provider to ensure you receive well-rounded medical care.

How fast are blood test results and how do I read them?

Your annual lab test panel takes about a week to process. We will text you as soon as they become available in your dashboard. Other types of tests may have different testing windows. The Superpower concierge is your own health assistant who helps answer your questions on your results, ensure smooth scheduling, coordination of any office-based tests, specialist referrals as needed, and navigating you to interface with your care team.

Does Superpower accept health insurance?

Superpower membership and products are all eligible for HSA/FSA funding.

We see Superpower like a gym membership for those committed to prevention and performance. Superpower is a bridge between wellness and healthcare. Health insurance traditionally focuses on reactive care whereas, at Superpower, we believe it’s never too early to start looking out for your long-term health.

What if I want more than 1 blood test per year?

Absolutely — you're not limited to just one. Your membership includes one comprehensive 100+ biomarker blood test each year, but if you'd like to track your progress more closely, you can add extra tests at any time. Each additional full-panel test costs $179. You can order as many as you'd like throughout the year.

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Frequently Asked Questions about Large HDL P Test

What is Large HDL P and how is it different from HDL cholesterol on a standard lipid panel?

Large HDL P is the concentration (particle count) of large, mature high-density lipoprotein particles in your blood. Unlike standard HDL-C, which measures the amount (weight) of cholesterol carried inside HDL, Large HDL P reflects how many “cholesterol cleanup” particles you have available for reverse cholesterol transport. This can flag cardiovascular risk even when HDL cholesterol appears normal, because particle function and count can differ from cholesterol content.

How does Large HDL P help remove cholesterol from arteries through reverse cholesterol transport?

Large HDL particles are the most mature and efficient HDL carriers, formed after smaller HDL particles collect cholesterol from tissues. As they load up, they grow and become buoyant, allowing them to carry more cholesterol cargo per particle. These large HDL particles transport cholesterol back to the liver for disposal or recycling - a process called reverse cholesterol transport. Higher Large HDL P generally suggests stronger cholesterol removal capacity and better cardiovascular protection.

Why is Large HDL P considered a more precise cardiovascular risk marker than HDL alone?

HDL cholesterol can look “normal” while HDL function is impaired, leaving cardiovascular risk underestimated. Large HDL P focuses on the number of large, functional HDL particles that actively clear cholesterol from vessel walls. Low Large HDL P can indicate immature or dysfunctional HDL metabolism, contributing to plaque buildup and inflammation over time. Interpreting Large HDL P alongside triglycerides, LDL particle size, and small HDL P provides a more complete risk picture.

What does a low Large HDL P result mean for heart disease and metabolic health risk?

Low Large HDL P often reflects reduced production or faster clearance of mature HDL particles, which can impair cholesterol removal from tissues and arteries. It’s commonly seen with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, chronic inflammation, elevated triglycerides, central adiposity, smoking, sedentary lifestyle, or diets high in refined carbs and sugar. Even without symptoms, low Large HDL P may correlate with higher risk of atherosclerosis, arterial stiffness, heart disease, and stroke.

What is considered an optimal Large HDL P level and what does “in range” usually indicate?

An optimal Large HDL P result (within the lab reference range) generally suggests effective HDL maturation and robust reverse cholesterol transport. Higher counts within the reference range are often associated with better metabolic health and lower cardiovascular risk - especially when triglycerides are controlled and small dense LDL particles are low. “In range” is most meaningful when combined with related markers (small HDL P, LDL particle size, triglycerides) rather than viewed alone.

Is a high Large HDL P result ever bad, and what can cause very high values?

High Large HDL P typically reflects enhanced HDL production or slower clearance and is usually considered protective, often seen with favorable metabolic profiles and regular physical activity. Extremely elevated values are uncommon and may occur with certain lipid disorders or medications that alter HDL metabolism. Current context suggests high Large HDL P is generally not considered pathologic, but it should still be interpreted with your full lipid and metabolic profile.

How do triglycerides, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome affect Large HDL P levels?

High triglycerides and insulin resistance are frequently associated with lower Large HDL P, reflecting impaired HDL maturation and reduced reverse cholesterol transport efficiency. Metabolic syndrome and chronic inflammation can accelerate clearance of mature HDL particles or reduce their production, leaving fewer large HDL particles available to remove cholesterol from artery walls. This is why Large HDL P is best interpreted alongside triglycerides, insulin sensitivity indicators, and other lipoprotein particle measures.

How can lifestyle changes like exercise, weight loss, or diet improve Large HDL P over time?

Large HDL P can improve as your lipid transport system becomes more functional - often through better insulin sensitivity, improved body composition, and reduced inflammation. Regular physical activity is commonly associated with higher Large HDL P, and reducing refined carbs/sugar and addressing central adiposity may support HDL maturation, especially when triglycerides are high. Tracking Large HDL P over time can show whether lifestyle changes are improving reverse cholesterol transport capacity.

Why might my HDL cholesterol look normal but my Large HDL P be low?

HDL-C measures how much cholesterol is carried within HDL, not how many functional particles are doing the transport work. You can have “normal” HDL cholesterol but fewer large, mature HDL particles, suggesting the HDL system may be inefficient or immature. This can leave cholesterol stranded in vessel walls and raise cardiovascular risk despite reassuring HDL-C. Large HDL P helps clarify mixed results when standard lipid panel numbers don’t match overall risk.

How should Large HDL P be interpreted with small HDL P, LDL particle size, and lab variability?

Large HDL P is most informative when viewed with small HDL P, LDL particle size, and triglycerides to assess HDL maturation, cholesterol transport efficiency, and overall lipid risk patterns. Measurement variability exists across NMR platforms, so trends over time using the same lab are typically more reliable than single results across different platforms. A combined interpretation helps distinguish protective HDL function from dysfunctional patterns that may elevate cardiovascular risk.

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